If the participants have been assigned randomly to study conditions, this must be noted explicitly, regardless of the design used. Method: The Method section must describe characteristics and numbers of participants and provide information related to the design of the study (e.g., pre–post group study of treatment outcomes, randomized controlled trial, multiple baseline across behaviors ethnographic study with qualitative analysis prospective longitudinal study) and data collection methods. Lengthy descriptions of rationale are not necessary or desirable.
Purpose: The Purpose section must include a concise statement of the specific purposes, questions addressed, and/or hypotheses tested. Regardless of the type of manuscript, abstracts must be structured using the following sections: The size limit for what can be included in your submission is set above 300 words, but that is so that very detailed abstracts for specific types of studies can be accommodated (see, for example, the abstract for this randomized controlled trial reported according to the CONSORT framework)
As a result, abstracts must be brief but also informative enough to be genuinely useful.ĪSHA recommends that abstracts be 150–250 words. The abstract helps readers scan through lists of articles or search results and is essential for helping users decide whether to read the rest of the article or save it for future reference.
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